GRIS (Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometer)

The GRIS instrument consists of an array of seven coaxial n-Type germanium detectors surrounded by a thick active NaI shield/collimator. Located above this assembly is an active NaI coded-aperture mask for imaging and precise source location. The seven germanium detectors are each enclosed in individual cryostats. This design (rather than a single large multi-detector cryostat) was chosen for two principal reasons: to minimize the internally produced background and for easier replacement of individual detectors, as well as upgrades and modifications.

The instrument is mounted in a gondola offering a conventional azimuth-over-elevation pointing system with a momentum wheel for azimuth control. Coarse pointing control used the earth's magnetic field as a reference. A CID camera was used to image star fields and the sun to obtain an independent and more accurate measure of the absolute pointing direction.

Balloon launched on: 9/23/1993 at 14:10 utc
Launch site: Scientific Flight Balloon Facility, Fort Sumner, (NM), US  
Balloon launched by: National Scientific Balloon Facility (NSBF)
Balloon manufacturer/size/composition: Zero Pressure Balloon SF3-459.37-080-NSXCHR-ST
Balloon serial number: W39.57-3-03
Flight identification number: 370N
End of flight (L for landing time, W for last contact, otherwise termination time): 9/24/1993 at 14:25 utc
Balloon flight duration (F: time at float only, otherwise total flight time in d:days / h:hours or m:minutes - ): 24 h
Landing site: 5 miles SE of Hobart, Oklahoma, US

Observations of Cyg X-1, NGC 4151 and the Crab Nebula.

• GRIS web site at Goddard Space Flight Center archive
• A balloon flight test of a coded-mask telescope with a multi-element germanium detector Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, v. 357, p. 580
• Great Moments in GRIStory at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center website
• NASA Balloon Flights (1989-1998) in NASA Historical Data Book, Vol. VII: NASA Launch Systems, Space Transportation, Human Spaceflight, and Space Science, 1989-1998